2012高考英语复习：高考英语词汇400题及详解（三）

　　101. Professor Smith and Professor Brown will _____ in giving the class lectures.

　　 A. exchange    B. alter    C. shift    D. alternate

　　[答案]D. alternate.

　　[注释]alternate vt./vi. 轮流，交替发生或出现：Wet days alternate with fine days.(晴雨天交替更迭。)The weather today will alternate between fine and cloudy.(今天的天气将是晴间多云。)shift般动，移动（vt.）；转移到，迁移（vi.）；改变：1)Lend me a hand to shift the piano, will you?(请帮个忙搬一下这台钢琴。) 2)They have shifted away from this area.(他们已从这一地区迁走了。) 3)The candidate is constantly shifting his opinion about the problem.(这位竞选者在这个问题上不断改变他的观点。)exchange交换；exchange... for ... 用.......换......；alter(部分)修改。

　　102. Pack the cake in a strong box, or it might get _____ in the post.

　　   A. splashed    B. spilt    C. crushed    D. crashed

　　[答案]C. crushed.

　　[注释]crush压坏，压碎；弄皱；辗散；1)Don't crush this box; there are flowers inside.(不要把这个盒子压坏了，里面有鲜花。) 2)Her dress was crushed.(她的衣服弄皱了。) 3)The machine crushes wheat grain to make floor.(这台机器把麦粒辗成面粉。)splash溅，泼；split(中间)裂开；crash(向下)猛跌；（飞机）失事。

　　103. The thief _____ the papers all over the room while he was searching.

　　A. abandoned  B. vanished C. scattered   D. deserted

　　[答案]C. scattered.

　　[注释]scatter(=throw or put in various directions, or here and there)撒。abandon放弃，抛弃。desert遗弃（而离开）。vanish消亡，灭亡。本题句意是将小偷在搜寻钱时的情景，所以应选scattered(撒)。

　　104. Today, housework has been made much easier by electrical _____.

　　A. facilities B. appliances  C. instruments D. equipment

　　[答案]B. appliances.

　　[注释]electric appliances电器用具，facilities公用设备。equipment设备,装备，是集合名词，指“设备”的总称，只有当数形式。instrument仪器。

　　105. The _____ of the trees in the water was very clear.

　　A. mirror  B. sight  C. reflection  D. shadow

　　[答案]C. reflection.

　　[注释]reflection此处意为“映在水中的倒影”，而不是“影子”或“阴影”，故不能用shadow。其他选择均不合题意。

　　106. One _____ needed when making a cake is flour; another is sugar.

　　A. container  B. ingredient C. content  D. equivalent

　　[答案]B. ingredient.

　　[注释]ingredient(混合物的)成分。container容器，含量；内容（复数）。equivalent:相等物。

　　107. They have been waiting for many hours to see the singer, but the airplane must have been _____.

　　   A. behind the times    B. behind schedule

　　   C. ahead of time      D. in no time

　　[答案]B. behind schedule.

　　[注释]behind schedule(=late, behind time)晚点：The train is running behind schedule today.(=The train is not on time today.)behind the times(=using things not in style; still following old ways; old fashioned)过时，跟不上时代，落后：1)The store is behind the times.(=The store is old-fashioned; it looks as stores looked 40 years ago.) 2) Mary thinks her parents are behind the times because they still do the fox-trot and don't know any new dances.(=Mary's parents are old-fashioned in their dancings .) ahead of time提前： They have fulfilled their production plans ahead of time, in no time(=soon, quickly)立即，马上：I'll be back in no time to see you home.

　　108. Neither of them thought highly of him and they both tried to _____ him in his work.

　　   A. hamper    B. support    C. assist    D. encourage

　　[答案]A. hamper.

　　[注释]hamper(=hinder, prevent free movement or activity)阻碍：Lack of equipment is hampering our work.

　　本题译文：他们两人都认为他不怎么样并极力阻碍他工作。

　　Think highly of... 对...评价很高，认为......很好。

　　109. Her display of bad temper completely _____ the party.

　　   A. harmed    B. damaged    C. spoilt    D. hurt

　　[答案]C. spoilt.

　　[注释]spoil指出意指“使...... 扫兴，搞糟”，如：Quarrelling spoilt the picnic.(争吵使这次野餐弄得很扫兴。)hurt伤害，damage 损坏，harm危害，均不合题意。

　　110. We forgave his bad temper because we knew that his son's illness had put him under great _____.

　　   A. emotion    B. excitement    C. crisis    D. stress

　　[答案]D. stress.   [注释]put sb. under(great) stress使某人处境（非常）紧张，使某人受（很大）压力。

　　111. The reference she made to her friend, the poet, was interesting but too _____ for anyone to appreciate.

　　   A. drastic    B. dull    C. obscure   D. distinct

　　[答案]C. obscure.

　　[注释]obscure(=not clearly seen or understood)模糊难懂得。drastic激烈的，严厉的；dull单调的；distinct清楚的，明显的；截然不同的（from）。

　　本题译文：她提到她的朋友----诗人时所说的话是令人感兴趣，但没有说清楚，以致没有人为此感激。

　　112. He _____ his engagement just before the wedding.

　　   A. broke out    B. broke away from

　　   C. broke off    D. broke up

　　[答案]C. broke off.

　　[注释]break off(=cease suddenly, discontinue)突然中断；break off one's engagement(解除婚约)。Break off(=interrupt) one's conversation(打断谈话)。Break out(=begin suddenly)爆发。Break away from摆脱，从......退出。

　　113. When she heard from the hospital that her father had died, she _____ into tears.

　　   A. burst    B. went    C. exploded    D. fell

　　[答案]A. burst

　　[注释]burst into tears放声大哭；又如：burst into thunderous cheers(发出雷呜般的欢呼)；burst into laughing(捧腹大笑)。

　　114. Your help is _____ for the success of the project.

　　   A. indispensable    B. indicative

　　   C. inevitable       D. inherent

　　[答案]A. indispensable.

　　[注释]indispensable(to, for)不可缺少的，必需的。Indicative(of)指示的。Inevitable 不可避免的。Inherent固有的，内在的，天生的。

　　115. _____ the English examination I would have gone to the concert last Sunday.

　　A. In spite of  B. But for  C. Because of  D. As for

　　[答案]B. But for

　　[注释]but for(=without, except for)若非，要不是：But for your help we could not have finished it in time.(要不是你的帮助，我们本来不会及时完工。)

　　116. It was difficult to guess what her _____ to the news would be.

　　A. impression B. comment  C. reaction  D. opinion

　　[答案]C. reaction.

　　[注释]reaction(to)对......的反应：Our reaction to a joke is to laugh.

　　117. Our attitude toward our teachers should be _____, but not slavish or superstitious.

　　A. respectable B. respected C. respective D. respectful

　　[答案]D. respectful.

　　[注释]respectable(=deserving respect)值得尊敬的,品行端正的。respectful(=showing respect to)有礼貌的，表示尊敬的。Respective各个的。respected尊敬的。Respecting prep.(=relating to; concerned with)关于，说到。

　　118. We could see that he was trying to _____ his own responsibility for the delay, instead of accepting his fault.

　　A. run over  B. smooth over  C. pass off  D. turn down

　　[答案]B. smooth over.

　　[注释]smooth over(=make smooth, put right, balliate)使平息，使恢复正常的，掩饰：1)I will try to smooth their quarrel over.(我将设法平息他们的争吵。) 2)Don't try to smooth over your fault.（不要设法掩饰你的过错。）

　　run over 详见Ⅲ.145,146.注释；pass off详见Ⅲ.126.注释；turn down详见Ⅲ.180,181.注释.

　　119. Glemp's heroic flight into space entitled him _____ a place in history.

　　   A. for    B. with    C. to    D. of

　　[答案]C. to.

　　[注释]entitle sb. to sth.(=give a right to)给予权利： 1)He is entitled to special treatment because of his rank(由于他的级别他有权享受特殊待遇。) 2) Officers are entitled to travel first class.（军官们有权乘头等车旅行。）

　　120. He's _____ drink and never does a stroke of work.

　　 A. gone to    B. taken to    C. taken up    D. gone for

　　[答案]B. taken to.

　　[注释]take to养成（某种习惯）。A stroke of一件。本题译文：他以成了酒徒，从来没有干过一件工作。

　　121. "Who is responsible for sending out misinformation?"

　　"Most of the fault lies _____ the administration."

　　   A. in    B. to    C. on    D. with

　　[答案]D. with.

　　[注释]lie with应由.......（承担责任）；（作出决定等）得靠...... 1)The responsibility lies with the driver.(责任应由这个司机承担。) 2)It lies with you to accept or reject he the proposal.(接受还是拒绝这项建议由你决定。)

　　lie in在于： 1)The difficulty lies in their great poverty.(困难在于他们非常贫困。) 2)the solution lies in social and political reform.(解决方法在于社会政治改革。)

　　122. People who live in a small village are bound to see a good _____ of each other.

　　   A. sum    B. quantity    C. deal    D. amount

　　[答案]C. deal.

　　[注释]see a good deal of each other 经常见面。

　　123. Maria _____ missed the first train so as to travel on the same one as John.

　　   A. deliberately    B. intensively

　　   C. decisively      D. objectively

　　[答案]A. deliberately.

　　[注释]deliberately(=on purpose, intentionally)故意地；存心地。

　　124. They always kept on good _____ with their next-door neighbors for the children's sake.

　　A. friendship  B. relations  C. intentions  D. terms

　　[答案]D. terms.

　　[注释]keep (be) on good terms with与......和睦相处。

　　125. Do you think a wife should _____ her habits and tastes to those of her husband?

　　   A. comply    B. confirm    C. consent    D. conform

　　[答案]D. conform.

　　[注释]conform vi遵守，符号：All the students must conform to the rules.(全体学生必须遵守规章。)conform sth. to sth. else(vt)使符合：He conformed the plans to the new specifications.(他使这些集合符合新规范。)      comply with遵守；confirm使坚定，确认，证实；consent (to)同意，赞同。