高中英语阅读理解专讲专练[九]

    整体理解

    我们常遇到这样的情况：句子都能看懂，但读完文章印象却不深。这就牵涉到对文章的整体理解。首先，我们要重视文章的题目和首句。文章的题目是文章的主题，文章的内容就是围绕这一主题展开的；而首句是文章的导入，点明作者写作意图或写作背景。文章的每个段落的首句和尾句也是整体理解的关键，首句是开篇明义，而尾句常常是画龙点睛。

    因此，我们在阅读时要养成这样一个习惯：见了文章的题目，要停顿一下，想一想这篇文章大概写的什么。阅读时，要特别注意每段的第一句与最后一句，并用心记住。读完全文后要将全文的主要内容快速回忆一下，这样既把握了文章的主要内容和框架结构，又学会了作者的逻辑推理的方法，从而更好地理解这篇文章。

    Passage A

    阅读理解

    On October 12, 1989, some British scientists were working at the computers to look for the information they needed. Suddenly they saw a lot of very bright points crossing the computers? screens. At the same time the computers were working much slower. To find out what was happening they stopped their work to check some parts of the computers. To their horror (恐怖), they found out that most of their stored information was got rid of by computer viruses (病毒) ! Clearly all these computers had been infected (感染) by computer viruses.

    It is said that the computer viruses were made by a group of young men fond of playing tricks. ① They all had excellent education. They created the viruses just to show their intelligence (才能) . These kinds of computer viruses are named Jerusalem Viruses. These viruses can stay in computers for a long time. When the time comes they will attack (袭击) the computers by lowering the functions (功能) , damaging their normal programs or even getting rid of all the information. ②

    We now come to know that Jerusalem Viruses often attack computers on Friday and that they are spreading (传播) to a lot of computers. Among the countries that were attacked by computer viruses last year are Britain, Australia, Switzerland and the U.S. But till now, how to get rid of the terrible viruses remains a problem.

    根据文章内容，选择正确答案：

    1. When the viruses attack the computers, the computers will work____ .

    A. normallyB. slowly

    C. faster D. well

    2. The group of young men created the viruses to ____ .

    A. damage the computers

    B. test their ability

    C. tell people that they were intelligent

    D. play a trick on users of the computers

    3. According to the passage, computer viruses seem to ____.

    A. have been in nature for years

    B. stay in any computers

    C. be difficult to get rid of at present

    D. be able to be got rid of in the near future

    4. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?

    A. Last year four countries found their computer were infected by viruses.

    B. The viruses will come to a new computer after staying in the old one for some time.

    C. Scientists are trying to find a way to get rid of the viruses.

    D. The Jerusalem Viruses are dangerous to human health.

    难句注释

    ① It is said that the computer viruses were made by a group of young men fond of playing tricks.据说计算机病毒是由一群喜欢搞恶作剧的年轻人制造出来的。

    Total words:239

    Reading time:____

    Reading speed: ____

    ② When the time comes they will attack the computers by lowering the functions, damaging their normal programs or even getting rid of all the information. 当时机到来时，它们就会通过减弱计算机的功能、破坏它们的程序甚至删除所有的信息来攻击计算机。

    Passage B

    阅读理解

    Mr Jackson lived in the centre of London but he had a hotel near the airport. There a lot of foreigners stayed for night. He didn't know any other language but English and he found it difficult for him to understand the foreign visitors. ① Sometimes he had to use the body language to “talk” with them, and tried his best to make himself understood. But he was often misunderstood (误解) and it brought him a lot of trouble. A friend of his who learned a few foreign languages in a university would teach him. He was happy and studied hard. At first he learned some, but soon he found it wasn't easy to remember the words and expressions. His friend advised him to write down the useful expressions in his notebook so that he could use them when necessary. ② He did as he was told. He found it helpful for him to do so.

    One evening there were plenty of people in the dining?room. They were all busy eating something except a Japanese. He was walking around there and waiting for his wife who was dressing herself up upstairs. Mr Jackson thought to himself, “The man wants to eat something but he doesn?t know any English. Let me help him.”

    As he knew only a little Japanese, he had to bring out his notebook and showed it to the man, pointing to the sentence “I?m hungry”.

    The Japanese had a look at it and gave him two pounds and left.

    根据文章内容，选择正确答案：

    1. Mr Jackson knew only English because____ .

    A. he was an English student

    B. he had never been abroad

    C. he couldn't learn by himself

    D. he hadn't studied any foreign languages

    2. As not all foreigners understood his gestures, sometimes Mr Jackson ____ to communicate with them.

    A. succeededB. feared

    C. failedD. gave up

    3. The Japanese thought ____ , so he gave him two pounds.

    A. Mr Jackson was a beggar (乞丐)

    B. Mr Jackson was a translator

    C. Mr Jackson could help him

    D. Mr Jackson could ring his wife up

    难句注释

    ① He didn't know any other language but English and he found it difficult for him to understand the foreign visitors.

    他除了英语其他什么语言都不懂，而且他发现自己很难听懂外国游客说些什么。

    Total words:250

    Reading time:____

    Reading speed: ____

    ② His friend advised him to write down the useful expressions in his notebook so that he could use them when necessary.

    他的朋友建议他把有用的表达方式记在笔记本上，以便在必要的时候可以运用。

    Passage C

    阅读理解

    Comera is the only place in the world which has a whistle (口哨) language.① We do not know how and why it began because we do not know the complete history of the island. But we can certainly imagine the reasons for the beginning of the whistle language. There are many deep valleys (峡谷) on the island. A person on one side of a valley can not easily shout to a person on the other side. But he can whistle and be heard. Some of the best whistlers can be heard from four miles away and the record is seven miles. The people who live on the island usually have good teeth, and this helps them to whistle well. They must also have good ears so that they can hear other whistlers.

    We can understand why the whistle language continues. It is very useful on the island, and quite easy to learn. When somebody is hurt or ill, the whistle language takes the place of telephone. If the sick person is quite far away from the town, people pass the message from one to another. A boy guarding cattle (放牛) on a hillside whistles to a man fishing from his boat. The last one is able to describe the trouble fully and exactly to the doctor in town. People help one another in the same way when a car breaks or a cow is lost.

    The whistle language is hundreds of years old, and probably it will continue to live on for hundreds of years more. Radio and TV often kill the special ways of speaking in the different parts of a country.② But on Comera you are nobody if you cannot whistle. Perhaps soon after TV arrives on the island, the people there will be whistling the news and other facts and opinions.

    根据文章内容，选择正确答案：

    1. If a person on Comera island is ill, ____.

    A. others will phone the doctors in town

    B. the whistle language will help pass the message to the doctor

    C. his family will take him to the hospital

    D. people will take him to town by carriage

    2. From this passage we know radio and TV ____ at that time.

    A. killed the special way of speaking

    B. whistled all the news and opinions

    C. helped Comera people to communicate

    D. did not appear on Comera island yet

    3. Comera island is special in that____ .

    A. many visitors go there every year

    B. no visitors have ever been there

    C. people there have special ears to hear whistles

    D. people there use the whistle language to communicate with each other

    4. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

    A. It is not easy for a person to live on Comera island if he cannot whistle.

    B. The whistle language can only be found in Comera.

    C. The whistle language has been used for hundreds of years on the island, but will not be used any longer.

    D. The record shows that one best whistler can be heard by others seven miles away.

    难句注释

    ① Comera is the only place in the world which has a whistle language.

    Comera是世界上惟一使用口哨语言的地方。

    Total words:313

    Reading time:____

    Reading speed: ____

    ② Radio and TV often kill the special ways of speaking in the different parts of a country.

    收音机和电视机的使用常常会使一个国家的不同地区的特殊讲话方式彻底消失。

    Passage D

    完形填空

    A well?dressed man entered a famous jewelry (珠宝) shop one day. He 1 to buy a pearl (珍珠) for his wife?s birthday. The 2 didn't matter, since business had been good for him that year.①

    After 3 a number of beautiful and expensive pearls, he chose 4 black one. It would 5 5,000 dollars. He paid, took the black pearl, shook hands with the salesman and left.

    A few days later, the man 6 and said that his wife liked the pearl so much that she wanted another one just like this. It 7 be exactly the same size and quality (质量), 8 she wanted to have a 9 of earrings.

    The salesman seemed 10 . Then the man suggested that the salesman advertise (登广告) in the newspaper to 11 S｜25,000 for such a pearl.② So the salesman did.

    Many people 12 the advertisement (广告), but nobody 13 a pearl which was just the right size and quality. Just when the jeweler had given up, a little old lady came into his 14 . She took out one such black pearl 15 her purse.

    “I don't like to 16 with the pearl,” she said sadly. “It was given to me by my mother, who had received it from her 17 mother. But I really need the 18.”

    The salesman was very glad and quickly paid her for the pearl. Then he called the 19 to tell him the good news. However, the man could never be 20 . Clever readers, can you guess why?

    根据文章内容，选择正确答案：

    1. A. reportedB. saidC. wishedD. knew

    2. A. color B. design C. price D. size

    3. A. examining B. checking C. testing D. watching

    4. A. a big B. a good

    C. an expensive D. an unusual

    5. A. cost B. pay C. worth D. buy

    6. A. arrived B. came C. returned D. stopped

    7. A. could B. might C. should D. had to

    8. A. as B. if C. though D. when

    9. A. box B. lot C. number D. pair

    10. A. jobless B. homeless

    C. helpless D. careless

    11. A. ask B. give C. offer D. pay

    12. A. answered B. liked C. read D. saw

    13. A. bought B. had C. sold D. wanted

    14. A. room B. house C. office D. shop

    15. A. from B. of C. off D. with

    16. A. deal B. go C. part D. talk

    17. A. dear B. poor C. old D. own

    18. A. price B. money C. pound D. interest

    19. A. old lady?s office B. rich man?s hotel

    C. his neighbor?s house D. television station

    20. A. found B. bought C. paid D. heard

    难句注释

    ① The price didn?t matter, since business had been good for him that year.

    因为那年他生意做得很好，所以价格对他来说不成问题。

    ② Then the man suggested that the salesman advertise in the newspaper to offer S｜25,000 for such a pearl.

    然后那个人建议珠宝商在报纸上登一则广告，说提供25000 美元买这样的一颗珍珠。

    Passage A

    从一九八三年计算机病毒首次被确认以来，至今全世界已发现近数万种病毒。本文介绍了一种被称为Jerusalem Viruses的计算机病毒的产生背景、发作时间及其后果。

    1. B. 感染病毒的计算机速度减慢。

    2. C. 由 “just to show their intelligence” 推知。

    3. C. 本文最后一句暗示，现在人们还未找到消除计算机病毒的好办法。

    4. C. 科学家们正在想办法消除病毒。

    Passage B

    本文讲述了Mr Jackson 学习使用外语的幽默故事。

    1. D. 从“He didn?t know any other language but English.”可以看出他没学过外语。

    2. C. 根据“he was often misunderstood”可知，Mr Jackson 有时不能正确地和外国朋友交谈。fail to do意为“ 不能做某事”。

    3. A. 根据文章的最后一句话可猜出这位日本人的想法。

    Passage C

    本文讲述了Comera岛是全世界惟一一个运用口哨语言的地方，这种传统已有几百年并且还将继续流传下去。

    1. B. 由第二段可知，如果在哪个地方有人受伤或生病的话，人们会用口哨语言通知医生。

    2. D. 由本文最后一句可知，这个地方还没有收音机或电视机。

    3. D. Comera island之所以特殊是因为当地的人用口哨语言来互相交流。

    4. C. 根据第三段第一句话可知C选项与作者观点相悖。

    Passage D

    本文讲述了一个人精心策划骗局来骗钱的故事。

    1. C. 他想给妻子买生日礼物。

    2. C. 价格对他来说不成问题。

    3. A. 这里examine是“仔细看”的意思。

    4. D. 根据下文可知，这粒黑珍珠是与众不同的，很难找到一样的另外一粒。C选项 “贵的”不一定与众不同，也许很容易再找到一样的一粒。

    5. A. 用cost或be worth来表示价格。

    6. C. 动词return 此处为“又回到该店”。

    7. D. 此处应选 had to，因为两个耳环必须得一样。

    8. A. 这里用as引导一个原因状语从句。

    9. D. a pair of earrings意为“一副耳环”。

    10. C. helpless 意为“无能为力”，因为从上下文中得知，珍珠不同寻常，很难寻到一样的。

    11. C. offer 意为“报价；提供”。

    12. A. answer 此处意为“应(广告)”。

    13. B. 没人有与这一样的珍珠。

    14. D. 根据文章第一句中的“jewelry shop”可得答案。

    15. A. 从钱包中取出一粒。

    16. C. part with 意为“与……分离”。

    17. D. 两代相传下来。

    18. B. 卖珍珠当然是为了钱。

    19. B. 只有hotel和这个rich man有关。

    20. A. 原来是一场骗局。

    1. To their horror, they found out that most of their stored information was got rid of by computer viruses! 使他们惊恐的是，他们发现大部分储存的信息都被计算机病毒清除了。(Line 6, Passage A)

    to one's horror使某人感到恐怖的是。类似的短语还有：

    to one's joy 使某人高兴的是 to one's surprise 使某人惊讶的是

    to one's sadness 使某人悲哀的是to one's delight 使某人高兴的是

    To my surprise, she was the mother of two children.

    令我惊讶的是，她是两个孩子的妈妈。

    To her parents? joy, she won the first prize for her composition.

    使她父母高兴的是，她的作文得了一等奖。

    2. Sometimes he had to use the body language to “talk” with them, and tried his best to make himself understood. 有时他不得不使用肢体语言来和他们交谈，想方设法把自已的意思讲明白。(Line 3, Passage B)

    make himself understood 让人明白。使役动词make后接动词?ed形式做宾语补足语表示被动意义。类似的结构还有make oneself heard，make oneself seen等。如：

    He raised his voice to make himself heard. 他提高声音以便别人能听见。

    Mary stood on her chair to make herself seen.

    玛丽站在椅子上以让别人能看见她。